Introduction | Overview | Atmosphere | Surface ocean | Subsurface ocean | Sea Ice | Ocean Acidification
AO | NAO | PNA | PDO | SAM | SOI | AMO
shorter series | longer series

Southern Annular Mode (SAM, Antarctic Oscillation)

The SAM index indicates the predominance of a characteristic pattern of atmospheric circulation over Antarctica. view pattern »

Data source and calculation

The index is calculated by NOAA/CPC (last update ). view details of calculation »

The standard deviation of the index over the period 1948-2005 is indicated on the plot. get series (netcdf 12kB) »